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What is a Confined Space?The definition of Confined Spaces is quite often misunderstood in Australia. Quite often I am asked by personnel in different industries “What is a Confined Space?, Is a ceiling space a confined space? What about a room with only one entry or exit? Does a small entry or exit make a room a confined space?’ These questions are very common.
So what is a Confined Space? Let’s have a look at the Australian Standard definition for Confined Spaces and then I’ll individually address each criteria. Australian Standard AS/NZS 2865:2005 defines a ‘Confined Space’ as:
EXAMPLE 1.
NO! A Storm water drain was not designed primarily as a place of work.....rather it was designed to carry water from roads, through drains and into the ocean.
EXAMPLE 2.
KEY POINT:
is liable at any time to-
(What does this mean?)
The only way to determine if there are hazardous gasses is to do a gas test with a calibrated Gas Detector. If there are dangerous gasses present and the above criterion are met- it is normally defined as a confined space.
(What does this mean?) Well if there is an oxygen deficiency – there is not enough oxygen to feed our cells and allow the body to function properly. This is dangerous to the body. Under AS/NZS 2865:2005 Oxygen Deficiency is defined as below 19.5% Oxygen concentration. Well if there is an oxygen excess – then there is more than 23.5% Oxygen. Whilst you may think this won’t damage our lungs (and you would be right), the main reason that too much oxygen is dangerous is because there is a higher probability of Fire and/or Explosion. Increased levels of oxygen can lead to objects/clothing/hair/gasses burning hotter, faster and more explosive.
(What does this mean?) Engulfment- Is termed as drowning or suffocation in solids, liquids or gasses. Circumstances where this may occur include being buried in grain or sand, drowning in water, having incorrect isolation (leading to drowning, suffocation or asphyxiation). NOTE: Engulfment can lead to death. If there is a risk of engulfment normally the space is defined as a confined space.
Well this is the area of the definition that causes most confusion. I constantly get asked as to whether confined spaces ‘need one entry and exit’, ‘have small exits’, are ‘small in size’. All of these are false. NOTE: Many confined spaces such as pits, tanks, boilers etc have very small entries and exits. This alone does not make a space a confined space – however it is a significant part of the definition.
I hope that the explanation above of ‘what is a confined space’ helped you understand the confined space definition. Often standards and regulations are written in complicated language.
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Who Needs to Undertake Confined Space Training
Training should be nationally recognised and take into account the requirements listed in Australian Standard 2865: 2001 which includes the hazards of confined spaces, assessment procedures, control measures, emergency procedures, safety equipment and legislative requirements. The selection of the type of training to be carried out must be based on the tasks that workers may be asked to perform. Will personnel be required to undertake standby duties? Will the person carry out atmospheric monitoring of the confined space? Will personnel be required to undertake the rescue of casualties from a potentially hazardous environment?
Article by Steven McLeod
Who Needs to Undertake Height Safety Training
Training should be nationally recognised and take into account the requirements listed in Australian Standard 1891.4 Industrial Fall Arrest Systems, Harnesses and devices – Selection, Use & Maintenance. This Training should be based upon the unit of competency MNMG237A which includes training in:
Article by Steven McLeod
Who Needs to Undertake Fire Warden Training
Training should be nationally recognised and take into account the requirements listed in Australian Standard 3745-2002 Emergency Control Organisations for buildings, structures and workplaces. This training should be based upon the unit of competency PUAWER005B Operate as part of an Emergency Control Organisation. Course Subjects should include:
Our nationally accredited Fire Warden Training program will equip your personnel with the skills required to safely evacuate your workplace. Regular evacuationtraining will ensure that your personnel are ready to deal with any workplace emergency. Emergencies covered include Fires, Bomb threats, Chemical Incidents and Terrorism. Our Fire and Safety Trainers can also be booked to act as observers / instructors during your Building Evacuation drills. We will prepare a written report after your drill has finished highlighting suggested areas of improvement. The selection of the type of training to be carried out must be based on the tasks that wardens are required to complete. Will Fire Wardens be required to evacuate the elderly or infirm? Will Wardens have an effective ratio of 1 Fire Warden : 10-15 occupants or less? Is your workplace looking after small children or persons with disabilities? Does your workplace have hazardous materials onsite? Will Fire Wardens need the skills required to operate Fire Extinguishers and Firefighting equipment? Will Fire Wardens be regularly completing evacuation drills?
Article by Steven McLeod
Preventing Confined Space Fatalities within the mining industry
Confined Space Identification & Risk Assessment
Risk assessments of confined spaces over time will not drastically change, however tasks that workers complete may indeed change as new technology is introduced or as new personnel are introduced. If the confined space working group completes a Risk Assessment/Review that is ‘task based’, all hazards involved with the task should be assessed thereby reducing the likelihood of confined space fatalities and injuries in the workplace. Confined Space Procedures
Confined Space Training Summary Article by Steven McLeod
Apply First Aid Training – Do you need it in your workplace?
Workplace First Aiders respond to on-site workplace emergencies. Employers should choose reliable Registered Training Organisations with professional and experienced lecturers to deliver Apply First Aid Training at their workplace. Fire & Safety Australia runs First Aid Training Courses that are delivered by Ambulance Officers, Firefighters and Emergency Medical Responders. Our First Aid Training Courses are designed to equip First Aiders with the knowledge and practical skills required to successfully respond to life threatening emergencies. Visit our Apply First Aid Training Course page to find out more information and obtain a quote on completing First Aid Training on-site at your workplace
What sort of incidents should your First Aiders be able to respond to?
Whilst the list is by no means exhaustive it shows that personnel who may act as First Aiders, should undertake First Aid Training to prepare themselves for a wide variety of possible emergencies that could occur on-site. Fire and Safety Australia’s First Aid Training Courses are designed to train personnel in how to effectively conduct first aid on-site at their workplace or home. Our Apply First Aid Training Courses are taught by emergency services instructors who have a high level of First Aid experience. Our Apply First Aid Training Courses are focussed on the nationally recognised unit of training HLTFA301B Apply First Aid. This First Aid Training unit of competency comes from the Health Training Package. Visit our Apply First Aid Training Course page to find out more information and obtain a quote on completing First Aid Training on-site at your workplace.
Oxygen and Defibrillation Training
If you work in a heavy industry such as: Mining, Petrochemical, Construction, offshore etc where there are higher risks, Fire and Safety Australia can complete first aid training in:
First Aid training should be very site specific. Any reliable Registered Training Organisation should find out details about the workplace prior to conducting First Aid Training. First Aid training is extremely important and can make the difference between lives saved and lives lost. Visit our Oxygen, Defibrillator, Apply First Aid and Occupational First Aid Training Course page to find out more information and obtain a quote for Fire and Safety Australia to complete First Aid Training on-site at your workplace.
Who should instruct First Aid Training Courses?
Fire and Safety Australia’s First Aid Training Course lecturers are all current or retired emergency services members, Defence force members or nurses/health care professionals. Our First Aid Training Courses can be run on-site at your location for your convenience. Our First Aid trainers will come onsite for 8+ personnel and we can provide your organisation with nationally recognised First Aid Training Courses. To discuss your organisations unique First Aid Training requirements, please contact us and we would love to talk with you about your needs. Be sure that when completing training with Fire and Safety Australia you are working with emergency response professionals with decades of experience performing First Aid Training Courses, CPR, responding to accidents and rescues and medical incidents. Visit our Apply First Aid Training Course page to find out more information and obtain a quote on completing First Aid Training on-site at your workplace.
Confined Space Training – Do We Need it in our workplace?
Where personnel are working in Confined Spaces, the employer must plan for all possible confined space emergencies that may occur and implement emergency procedures to be followed to ensure the safety of all personnel. The only way to do this effectively is to run an on-site Confined Space Training Course. Confined Space emergencies are very dangerous as they often result in confined space personnel becoming asphyxiated form a lack of oxygen. The human body’s brain cells start to die off after only 3 minutes without oxygen. Therefore if a confined space entrant is unconscious in a confined space, they have only a very small window to be rescued. After approx 10 minutes without oxygen and emergency care, there chance of survival is less than 1%.... – Confined Space Training is a requirement for anyone working in confined spaces. For this reason, Australian Standard 2865:2009 requires that all employers shall provide for confined space training and confined space procedures for all confined space emergencies that may occur. Generally this means that the employer must provide training for confined space entrants in some or all of the following:
Fire & Safety Australia’s 3 Day Nationally Recognised Confined Space Entry Training Courses and Confined Space Rescue Training Course fully covers all legislative requirements for confined space entry and rescue. It is not good enough to simply have procedures in place to ‘call 000!’. By the time the fire service or other rescue authority arrive on scene to take over a confined space rescue, often it is too late. Confined Space Rescue is a technical form of rescue and can be potentially very hazardous. For this reason, employers should select Registered Training Organisations that have experience in conducting confined space rescue training. Fire and Safety Australia currently deliver Confined Space Rescue Training Courses to companies like Virgin Tech, Cement Australia, John Holland, Siemens Water Technologies, Melbourne Water Contractors, Boral and many more small and large Australian companies. Confined Space Rescue Training Courses normally takes place over a period of 3-4 days (depending upon site requirements). During this time your personnel will undertake practical confined space rescue training utilising equipment like: Breathing Apparatus, First Aid Equipment, Stretchers, Vertical Rescue Systems, Harnesses etc. The Australian Standard 2865 : 2009 ensures that employers shall provide for the development and practise of confined space emergency procedures for confined space emergencies that could occur in confined spaces. Quite often we are asked ‘How often should confined space rescue training be completed?’. This question is interesting and there are several points to look at. Firstly, how often are confined space entries and confined space rescues completed at the workplace. If confined space work is completed every day, it is more likely that confined space entrants are familiar with the equipment and procedures. However, confined space rescues do NOT occur ever day. Confined Space Rescues can be very dangerous with personnel using rope rescue systems and entering into a potentially deadly atmosphere to rescue other occupants. For this reason we recommend at least annual confined space rescue refresher and breathing apparatus refresher training is completed. To ensure your compliance with OH&S Regulations, AS2865:2009 and safe work procedures enquire below about Fire & Safety Australia’s nationally recognised confined space training courses. Our confined space training courses are run by former Firefighters and Emergency Services Officers with over 100 years combined emergency services experience. For this reason give us a call and we can discuss the uniqueness of your workplace and how we can help you with confined space training.
Chief Fire Warden Training – Does our organisation need a Chief Fire Warden?
It doesn’t matter what size of workplace you work in, a Chief Fire Warden must take charge of the emergency prior to the arrival of the emergency services. For this reason Australian Standard 3745:2002 requires that an Emergency Control Organisation be appointed at each workplace. An emergency control organisation (ECO) is a system of trained Fire Wardens, Chief Fire Wardens and Emergency Responders that can initiate a response to any on-site Fire or Emergency and get the occupants to safety. These personnel should undertake a nationally recognised training course in Fire Warden Training and Chief Fire Warden Training. Chief Wardens form a major part of the Emergency Control Organisation. Every team needs a leader and a team of Fire Wardens is no different. Chief Fire Wardens need to be trained in Chief Fire Warden Training over a training timeframe of at least 1 full day.
The Chief Warden is in charge of the workplace Emergency Control Organisation and ultimately is responsible for the health and safety of all personnel in the organisation prior to the arrival of the emergency services. For this reason Fire & Safety Australia conducts monthly Chief Warden training courses in all Australian States (as well as on-site corporate training courses conducted at our clients workplaces). Our chief fire warden training courses involve the unit of competency PUAWER006A Lead an Emergency Control Organisation. Our Chief Fire Warden training courses are taught by highly experienced emergency services personnel with real world experience in planning for and responding to emergencies. Employers should look for reliable Registered Training Organisations (RTO’s) like Fire & Safety Australia that can provide nationally recognised Chief Fire Warden Training. During Chief Fire Warden Training, our sessions include information for Chief Fire Wardens to prepare for and respond to Fires, Bomb threats, Chemical Incidents and Terrorism. Our Fire and Safety Trainers can also be booked to act as observers / instructors during your Building Evacuation drills. We will prepare a written report after your drill has finished highlighting suggested areas of improvement. Regular Chief Warden Training is an effective control measure in the minimisation of the risks that a sudden, unplanned evacuation can bring. Regular Chief Fire Warden Training and emergency scenarios should focus on enhancing skills by exposing personnel to a variety of different emergency evacuation situations. Regular Chief Fire Warden Training is a control measure that cannot be ignored to prevent injuries and and panic during unexpected evacuations. Enquire about Chief Fire Warden Training for your workplace today by clicking on the Chief Fire Warden Training menu on the left hand side. Minimum course numbers starting at 5 personnel.
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